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1.
Apuntes psicol ; 41(3): 193-196, 16 oct. 2023. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-226808

RESUMO

Los paseos comunitarios consisten en la realización de un itinerario urbano comentado por los participantes. En los últimos años se han extendido como un medio para descubrir las ciudades, promover la toma de conciencia sobre los problemas urbanos y contribuir indirectamente al desarrollo local. En este comentario mostramos que los paseos comunitarios pueden utilizarse también como herramienta de investigación, tanto en la evaluación etnográfica rápida como en la identificación de líderes locales y escenarios de conducta (AU)


Community walks consist of carrying out an urban itinerary commented by the participants. In recent years they have spread as a means to discover cities, promote awareness of urban problems and contribute to local development. In this commentary we show that community walks can also be used as a research tool, both in rapid ethnographic assessment and in the identification of local leaders and behavior setting (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Planejamento de Cidades , Características de Residência , Planejamento Social , Participação da Comunidade , Organização Comunitária , Espanha
2.
Pap. psicol ; 42(3): 177-192, Septiembre, 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-225247

RESUMO

La creación del COP tuvo enorme trascendencia para dotar de identidad la psicología española. Esta Corporación destinada a ordenar y representar la profesión no ha dejado de crecer, a pesar de graves problemáticas internas y externas. El artículo ofrece una revisión legislativa y documental, sobre todo desde su revista oficial, Papeles del Psicólogo. Analiza la segunda etapa del COP, la de la profesionalización, la descentralización y la reorganización como Consejo General de Colegios, atendiendo a su papel en la proyección interna e internacional de la disciplina en su conjunto. (AU)


The creation of the COP (Spanish College of Psychologists) was of enormous significance in establishing the identity of psychology in Spain. Theorganization, aimed at organizing and representing the profession, has not stopped growing, despite the serious internal and external issues it hashad. This article presents a legislative and documentary review, particularly based on its representative publication, Papeles del Psicólogo/Psychologist Papers. We analyze the second stage of the COP, that of professionalization, decentralization, and reorganization as theSpanish Psychological Association, taking into account its role in the internal and international projection of the discipline as a whole. (AU)


Assuntos
História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Psicologia/história , Psicologia/legislação & jurisprudência , Conselhos de Especialidade Profissional/história , Conselhos de Especialidade Profissional/legislação & jurisprudência , Espanha
3.
Pap. psicol ; 42(2): 105-118, Mayo, 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-224911

RESUMO

La creación del COP tuvo enorme trascendencia para el establecimiento de la Psicología y para dotarla de identidad. Desde la Ley de creación en 1980, esta organización de carácter semipúblico destinada a ordenar y representar la profesión no ha dejado de crecer, a pesar de graves problemáticas internas y externas. El COP ha pasado por diversas etapas, que reflejan y al tiempo ayudan a caracterizar la corta historia disciplinar de la psicología, sobre todo su definición, frente a otras profesiones. El artículo ofrece una amplia revisión legislativa y documental, sobre todo desde su revista portavoz, Papeles del Psicólogo. Analiza sus complicados primeros años, hasta 1993, bajo la dirección de Carlos Camarero y de Adolfo Hernández, marcados por la configuración interna de la Organización, una grave problemática profesional, y la lucha por conseguir la Licenciatura. (AU)


The creation of the Spanish Psychological Association (Spanish acronym, COP) was of enormous significance in the establishing of psychology in Spain, and in the creation of its identity. Since the publication of the 1980 Law of Creation [of the COP], this organization-aimed at regulating and representing the psychology profession-has not stopped growing, despite the serious internal and external issues it has had. The Spanish Psychological Association has gone through different stages over the past 40 years, which reflect and help us to characterize the short history of Spanish psychology, in particular the history of its delimitation with respect to other professions. This article presents an extensive legislative and documentary review, particularly based on its representative publication, Papeles del Psicólogo/Psychologist Papers. We analyze the complicated early years, up to 1993, under the direction of Carlos Camarero and Adolfo Hernández, a phase marked by the internal configuration of the organization, a serious challenge for the profession, and the fight to approve the master’s degree. (AU)


Assuntos
História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Psicologia/história , Psicologia/legislação & jurisprudência , Psicologia/organização & administração , Sociedades/história , Opinião Pública , Espanha
4.
Pap. psicol ; 42(1): 67-78, Enero, 2021. tab
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-224826

RESUMO

El objetivo del artículo es presentar y describir los principales elementos fundacionales, así como los eventos icónicos y misionales dela Federación Iberoamericana de Asociaciones de Psicología (FIAP). Se señalan las contribuciones, las tareas de la Federación y las dificultades para construir una psicología organizada que es vulnerable a las fragilidades y la diversidad de las realidades socioeconómicas y sociopolíticas de la región, para finalmente discutir su papel dentro de la organización y representación de la profesión psicológica, así como las insuficiencias, los retos y las tareas de la misma para continuar favoreciendo el posicionamiento y la internacionalización de la ciencia psicológica y la profesión de los países de lengua española y portuguesa. (AU)


The main aim of the article is to present and describe the main foundational elements, as well as the iconic events and mission, ofthe Ibero-American Federation of Psychology Associations (FIAP). The contributions and tasks of this organization are described, as well as the difficulties of building an organized psychology, vulnerable to the fragilities and diversities of the socio-economicand socio-political realities of the region. The final purpose is to discuss the role of the FIAP within the organization and representation of the psychology profession, as well as its shortcomings, challenges, and tasks, in order to continue to promote thepositioning and internationalization of the psychological science and profession in Spanish and Portuguese speaking countries. (AU)


Assuntos
História do Século XX , Coalizão em Cuidados de Saúde/história , Sociedades/história , América Latina , Espanha , Portugal
5.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 942020 Oct 14.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33056957

RESUMO

Between March and May 2020, the Spanish Ministry of Health and the Spanish Psychological Association created the Psychological First Care Service (Servicio de Primera Ayuda Psicológica-SPAP), a national helpline designed to provide early psychological intervention to those people affected by COVID-19. This service attended more than 15,000 calls and carried out more than 11,000 interventions and 9,500 follow-ups with the general population, healthcare and other essential professionals and the patients and relatives of the sick or deceased. Results show that the majority of calls (45.7%) came from the Autonomous Community of Madrid, that women significantly used this service in a higher proportion than men (73.5%) and that the commonest age range among users was 40-59. 75.9% of consultations were related to psychological problems linked to anxiety and depressive symptoms. However, grief symptoms also stood out among the patients or relatives of the sick and deceased and, to a lesser extent, stress symptoms were prevalent in the group of professionals. These data show the usefulness of this early psychological care service and the need for similar resources to be implemented in coordination with or within the National Health System.


Entre marzo y mayo de 2020, el Ministerio de Sanidad y el Consejo General de la Psicología de España, pusieron en marcha el Servicio de Primera Ayuda Psicológica (SPAP), un servicio telefónico para toda España, diseñado para proveer atención psicológica temprana a las personas afectadas por la COVID-19. En el tiempo en que el servicio estuvo disponible, se gestionaron 15.170 llamadas, que condujeron a realizar 11.417 intervenciones psicológicas con personal sanitario y otros intervinientes, con enfermos y familiares de enfermos o fallecidos, y población general. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de llamadas (45,7%) provenían de la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid, que hubo significativamente más mujeres que utilizaron el servicio (73,5%) y que el rango de edad más común entre los usuarios era el de 40-59 años. El 75,9% de las consultas tuvo que ver con problemas psicológicos relacionados con sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva, aunque también destacaba la sintomatología de duelo entre los enfermos o familiares de enfermos y fallecidos y, en menor medida, la sintomatología de estrés en el grupo de intervinientes. Estos datos muestran la necesidad de este servicio de atención psicológica temprana y sugieren que recursos como este deberían implementarse de manera integrada en el Sistema Nacional de Salud.


Assuntos
Betacoronavirus , Infecções por Coronavirus/psicologia , Intervenção na Crise/métodos , Utilização de Instalações e Serviços/estatística & dados numéricos , Serviços de Saúde Mental/estatística & dados numéricos , Pneumonia Viral/psicologia , Telemedicina/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Ansiedade/etiologia , Ansiedade/terapia , COVID-19 , Criança , Infecções por Coronavirus/terapia , Intervenção na Crise/organização & administração , Intervenção na Crise/estatística & dados numéricos , Depressão/epidemiologia , Depressão/etiologia , Depressão/terapia , Feminino , Pesar , Humanos , Masculino , Serviços de Saúde Mental/organização & administração , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Programas Nacionais de Saúde , Pandemias , Pneumonia Viral/terapia , Prevalência , SARS-CoV-2 , Espanha/epidemiologia , Estresse Psicológico/diagnóstico , Estresse Psicológico/epidemiologia , Estresse Psicológico/etiologia , Telemedicina/organização & administração , Telemedicina/estatística & dados numéricos , Telefone , Adulto Jovem
6.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 94: 0-0, 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-194519

RESUMO

Entre marzo y mayo de 2020, el Ministerio de Sanidad y el Consejo General de la Psicología de España, pusieron en marcha el Servicio de Primera Ayuda Psicológica (SPAP), un servicio telefónico para toda España, diseñado para proveer atención psicológica temprana a las personas afectadas por la COVID-19. En el tiempo en que el servicio estuvo disponible, se gestionaron 15.170 llamadas, que condujeron a realizar 11.417 intervenciones psicológicas con personal sanitario y otros intervinientes, con enfermos y familiares de enfermos o fallecidos, y población general. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de llamadas (45,7%) provenían de la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid, que hubo significativamente más mujeres que utilizaron el servicio (73,5%) y que el rango de edad más común entre los usuarios era el de 40-59 años. El 75,9% de las consultas tuvo que ver con problemas psicológicos relacionados con sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva, aunque también destacaba la sintomatología de duelo entre los enfermos o familiares de enfermos y fallecidos y, en menor medida, la sintomatología de estrés en el grupo de intervinientes. Estos datos muestran la necesidad de este servicio de atención psicológica temprana y sugieren que recursos como este deberían implementarse de manera integrada en el Sistema Nacional de Salud


Between March and May 2020, the Spanish Ministry of Health and the Spanish Psychological Association created the Psychological First Care Service (Servicio de Primera Ayuda Psicológica-SPAP), a national helpline designed to provide early psychological intervention to those people affected by COVID-19. This service attended more than 15,000 calls and carried out more than 11,000 interventions and 9,500 follow-ups with the general population, healthcare and other essential professionals and the patients and relatives of the sick or deceased. Results show that the majority of calls (45.7%) came from the Autonomous Community of Madrid, that women significantly used this service in a higher proportion than men (73.5%) and that the commonest age range among users was 40-59. 75.9% of consultations were related to psychological problems linked to anxiety and depressive symptoms. However, grief symptoms also stood out among the patients or relatives of the sick and deceased and, to a lesser extent, stress symptoms were prevalent in the group of professionals. These data show the usefulness of this early psychological care service and the need for similar resources to be implemented in coordination with or within the National Health System


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Consulta Remota/organização & administração , Telemedicina/organização & administração , Sistemas de Apoio Psicossocial , Telepsicologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/psicologia , Psicoterapia/métodos , Intervenção na Crise/organização & administração , Pandemias/estatística & dados numéricos , Quarentena/psicologia , Telefone , Linhas Diretas/organização & administração
7.
Interv. psicosoc. (Internet) ; 27(1): 1-11, abr. 2018. tab, ilus, mapas
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-173288

RESUMO

The personal networks of 138 parents of children participating in a child labor prevention initiative in three schools in Lima (Peru) are analyzed. First, relevant behavior settings in two informal population settlements in the periphery of the big city were detected. Second, the distribution of personal relationships in that small set of community contexts served to describe the everyday interaction in the neighborhood. Each interviewee provided information on the 45 persons with whom he/she interacts regularly, indicating in each case the context where that relationship preferably takes place. They also reported on the involvement of families in school and citizen participation initiatives in their community. The clustered graphs technique showed that the school is the second most relevant space for the development of interpersonal relationships in the neighborhood. Relationships among different family households were the most powerful predictor of community integration in the neighborhood of residence. The highest rates of child labor coincide with the most recently created community environments, with more fragmented personal networks, and with a less structured community as a whole. School is a community hub that facilitates interaction between the families of the neighborhood and connect to value resources outside of their usual place of residence


Se analizan las redes personales de 138 padres de niños que participaron en una iniciativa de prevención del trabajo infantil en tres escuelas de Lima (Perú). En primer lugar, se detectaron configuraciones de comportamientos relevantes en dos asentamientos informales de población en la periferia de la gran ciudad. En segundo lugar, la distribución de las relaciones personales en ese pequeño conjunto de contextos comunitarios sirvió para describir la interacción cotidiana en el vecindario. Cada entrevistador facilitó información sobre las 45 personas con las que interaccionaba habitualmente, indicando en cada caso el contexto en el que tenía lugar preferentemente dicha interacción. También informaron sobre la implicación de las familias en la escuela y de las iniciativas de participación ciudadana en su comunidad. La técnica de gráficos agrupados muestra que la escuela es el segundo espacio más importante en el desarrollo de relaciones interpersonales en el vecindario. Las relaciones entre diferentes familias vecinas constituían el mejor predictor de la integración comunitaria en el vecindario de residencia. Los mayores índices de trabajo infantil coinciden con los entornos comunitarios más recientemente creados y con una comunidad menos estructurada en conjunto. La escuela constituye un núcleo que facilita la interacción entre familias en el vecindario y conecta con los recursos de valores fuera de su lugar habitual de residencia


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Trabalho Infantil , Integração Comunitária/tendências , Maus-Tratos Infantis/prevenção & controle , Defesa da Criança e do Adolescente , Redes Comunitárias/organização & administração , Instituições Acadêmicas/organização & administração , Rede Social , Peru/epidemiologia , Características da Família , Entrevista Psicológica
8.
J Affect Disord ; 234: 247-255, 2018 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29549826

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) is an ultra-brief self-report consisting of a 2-item depression scale (PHQ-2) and a 2-item anxiety scale (GAD-2). The aim of the present study is to determine the psychometric properties of a computerized version of the PHQ-4 used to detect emotional disorders (anxiety and depression) in the primary care setting. METHOD: A total of 1052 patients with suspected anxiety, depression, or somatic symptoms were recruited from 28 primary care centres participating in the PsicAP trial and completed the full version of the computerized PHQ. In addition, 178 of these patients also underwent in clinical interviews as a gold standard. RESULTS: Confirmatory factor analyses showed very good fit indices for a two-factor solution. This model was structurally invariant among the various age and gender groups and internal consistency was acceptable (PHQ-4; α = .83, PHQ-2; α = .86, and GAD-2; α = .76). The best cut-off points to obtain high sensitivity values was 3, on both the PHQ-2 (major depressive disorder) and the GAD-2 (generalized anxiety disorder). The criterion validity (sensitivity and specificity) for the PHQ-2 were .90 and .61 and for the GAD-2, .88 and 0.61. LIMITATIONS: The study was not designed as a prevalence study. Therefore, does not contain information on patients whose general practitioners do not consider them to suffer emotional disorders. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to provide evidence for the reliability and validity of a computerized version of the PHQ-4. This computerized tool can be used to detect depression and anxiety in a primary care setting.


Assuntos
Ansiedade/diagnóstico , Depressão/diagnóstico , Questionário de Saúde do Paciente/normas , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Adulto , Ansiedade/psicologia , Estudos Transversais , Depressão/psicologia , Análise Fatorial , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Psicometria , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Autorrelato , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
9.
Ter. psicol ; 35(1): 95-110, Apr. 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-846335

RESUMO

La acreditación de la actividad en Psicología Clínica en España tiene una corta historia, aunque pueden encontrarse precedentes lejanos. En la actualidad, los alumnos que superan el Grado en Psicología pueden optar por dos titulaciones para ejercer dentro del sistema sanitario español: Máster en Psicología General Sanitaria y Psicólogo Especialista en Psicología Clínica. Se describe no solo la habilitación profesional que comportan, sino también las formas de acceso, objetivos, contenidos y modelos de formación de ambas titulaciones. Además, se compara la acreditación española en ese ámbito profesional con la europea, y se hace mención de las acreditaciones no oficiales sin repercusión en la regulación profesional. Por último, se enumeran los problemas aún existentes en este campo de acreditación profesional, y se sugieren vías de solución para los mismos.


The accreditation of training in clinical psychology in Spain has a short history, although distant precedents can be found. At present, students who obtain an honour's degree in psychology can choose between two qualifications in order to practice within the Spanish health system: a master's degree in General Health Psychology or the qualification of Specialist Psychologist in Clinical Psychology. We describe the scope for which each of these titles qualifies the individual within the profession, and also the access routes, objectives, contents and training models of the two qualifications. Additionally, we compare the Spanish accreditation in this professional field with the European accreditation, and we mention the unofficial qualifications that have no repercussion in the professional regulation. Finally, we list the problems that still exist in this field of professional accreditation, and we suggest ways of solving them.


Assuntos
Acreditação , Psicologia Clínica , Espanha
10.
JMIR Res Protoc ; 5(4): e246, 2016 Dec 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28011446

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Demand for primary care (PC) services in Spain exceeds available resources. Part of this strong demand is due to the high prevalence of emotional disorders (EDs)-anxiety, depression, and somatic symptom disorders-and related comorbidities such as pain or chronic illnesses. EDs are often under- or misdiagnosed by general practitioners (GPs) and, consequently, treatment is frequently inadequate. OBJECTIVE: We aim to compare the short- and long-term effectiveness of group-delivered transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral therapy (TD-CBT) versus treatment as usual (TAU) in the treatment of EDs in the PC setting in Spain. We also aim to compare the effect of these treatments on disability, quality of life, cognitive-emotional factors, and treatment satisfaction. METHODS: Here we present the study design of a two-arm, single-blind, randomized controlled trial (N=1126) to compare TAU to TD-CBT for EDs. TAU will consist primarily of pharmacological treatment and practical advice from the GP while TD-CBT will be administered in seven 90-minute group sessions held over a period ranging from 12 to 14 weeks. Psychological assessments are carried out at baseline (ie, pretreatment); posttreatment; and at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up. The study is conducted in approximately 26 PC centers from the National Health System in Spain. RESULTS: This study was initiated in December 2013 and will remain open to new participants until recruitment and follow-up has been completed. We expect all posttreatment evaluations to be completed by December 2017, and follow-up will end in December 2018. CONCLUSIONS: We expect the TD-CBT group to have better results compared to TAU on all posttreatment measures and that this improvement will be maintained during follow-up. This project could serve as a model for use in other areas or services of the National Health System in Spain and even in other countries. CLINICALTRIAL: International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN): 58437086; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN58437086 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6mbYjQSn3).

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